Add type-checking in CI

This MR adds the python/type-checking component to the continuous-integration pipeline. This allows highlighting typing issues reported by mypy.

.gitlab-ci.yml

 include:
   # -- Python -------------------------
 
-  - component: $CI_SERVER_FQDN/computing/gitlab/components/python/all@1
+  - component: $CI_SERVER_FQDN/computing/gitlab/components/python/all@2
     inputs:
       code_quality_analyzer: ruff
       install_extra: "test"
       run_advanced_sast: true
+  - component: $CI_SERVER_FQDN/computing/gitlab/components/python/type-checking@2
 
   # -- Debian packaging ---------------
 
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ include:
 
   # -- Red Hat packaging --------------
 
-  - component: $CI_SERVER_FQDN/computing/gitlab/components/redhat/all@1
+  - component: $CI_SERVER_FQDN/computing/gitlab/components/redhat/all@2
     inputs:
       needs: [sdist]
       redhat_versions: