Expands linting

Description

Updates to linting checks:

1. checks READMEs to ensure consistent whitespace usage
2. runs coala a second time to output any errors, and proposed fixes, to the CI output log
3. adds a job that links Markdown files using markdownlink-cli

Also adds the fixes to the various files in order for the linting jobs to pass.

API Changes and Justification

Backwards Compatible Changes

• This change introduces no API changes
• This change adds new API calls

Backwards Incompatible Changes

• This change modifies an existing API
• This change removes an existing API

If any of the Backwards Incompatible check boxes are ticked please provide a justification why this change is necessary and why it needs to be done in a backwards incompatible way.

Review Status

Please provide details on any reviews related to this change and and the associated reviewers.